40일차. ♣ Unit 3. Leadership - LESSON 3 DESCRIBING A LEADER YOU ADMIRE - [Talking about a company's hierarchy]
※ Talking about a company's hierarchy
*Horizontal or flat companies do not have a rigid hierarchical structure. Executives work with non-management staff and even customers on a regular basis. Vertical or tall companies usually have a strong hierarchical structure with a CEO at the top issuing orders that go down through the hierarchy. You can call this type of structure top-down.
The CEO's order carried down through all levels of the company.
Our company is organized vertically, and it's quite difficult to climb the executive ladder.
Horizontal management has people of all positions working together.
Ref)
• order
8-instructions-[countable] something that somebody is told to do by somebody in authority
: 명령, 지시
e.g.)
He gave orders for the work to be started.
그가 그 작업을 개시할 것을 지시했다.
Dogs can be trained to obey orders.
개는 명령을 따르도록 훈련시킬 수가 있다.
Their defence was that they were only following orders.
to disobey/defy orders
*order from somebody
She takes orders only from the president.
그녀는 회장의 지시만 받는다.
*order to do something
The general gave the order to advance.
장군이 진격 명령을 내렸다.
*order for somebody/something to do something
He issued orders for the work to begin.
*under orders (to do something)
I'm under orders not to let anyone in.
아무도 들이지 말라는 명령[지시]을 받았습니다.
*by (the) order of somebody/something
Interest rates can be controlled by order of the central bank.
(informal) No sugar for me—doctor's orders.
제 거는 설탕 넣지 마세요. 의사 지시예요.
He was court-martialled for disobeying an order.
The judge asked him why he had chosen to defy the order of the court.
The government has issued an order to round up street criminals.
Officials continued to conduct business as usual, issuing orders on behalf of the dead king.
She faces five years in prison if she breaches the order granted yesterday by Blackpool magistrates.
The sisters were under strict orders from their father not to leave the house.
He is under orders from the court to comply with psychiatric treatment.
Under the Prime Minister's orders, he had not spoken to the press.
I don't take orders from you!
She just stood there barking orders at everyone.
The wife was granted an order for payment of child support.
The creditors obtained an order from the court giving them right of entry.
The book was the subject of a banning order by the Censorship Board.
By order of the King, I place you under arrest.
By the order of the coroner, an autopsy was carried out.
Ref)
[Oxford Collocations Dictionary]
8-instruction/demand의 의미인 경우
*ADJECTIVE
direct, specific, strict | executive | sealed | court | gag, gagging(BrE) | exclusion(BrE), maintenance(BrE), preservation(BrE), restraining(esp. AmE)
e.g.)
He opened his sealed orders.
a wildlife preservation order
The court issued a restraining order against Pearson.
*VERB + order
give, issue, make(law,esp. BrE) | sign | slap(BrE) | enforce | await | get, receive | obtain | carry out, execute, follow, obey, take | disobey, ignore, violate | cancel | countermand, rescind, revoke(esp. BrE) (all formal) | bark, bark out, shout, shout out
e.g.)
The captain gave the order to fire.
The judge made an order for the costs to be paid.
The building has had a preservation order slapped on it.
His lawyer had to obtain a court order to get access to her client.
The local civilians don't take orders from the military.
He barked out orders as he left.
*PREPOSITION
by order of (formal) | on somebody's orders | under orders from | orders for
e.g.)
by order of the police
The ship was to set sail at once, on the admiral's orders.
A group of soldiers, under orders from the president, took control of the television station.
The colonel had given orders for the spy's execution.
*phrases
doctor’s orders | get your marching orders | give somebody their marching orders
e.g.)
I'm not to drink any alcohol? doctor's orders!
*The highest executive positions in a company are sometimes called C-level. These positions all begin with the letter C. They include the CEO, COO, CFO and CTO, among many others.
The CEO will address the board of directors next week.
*When talking about people's job levels, you can include information about their responsibilities:
All department directors report to the CEO.
※ Connect the matching texts.
Orders are top-down in a vertical company.