※ substitute & replace 어법.

※ substitute & replace 어법.

 

• substitute 
-to take the place of somebody/something else; to use somebody/something instead of somebody/something else
: 대신하다, 대치[교체]되다; 대용[교체/대치]하다
*substitute for somebody/something 
*substitute <Y> for X
.................................↙ ↘
*substitute X with/by <Y>
*substitute somebody/something 
e.g.) 
Nothing can substitute for the advice your doctor is able to give you.
  당신 의사가 당신에게 해 줄 수 있는 조언을 대신할 수 있는 것은 아무것도 없다.
Can you find someone to substitute for you at the meeting?
<Margarine> can be substituted for butter in this recipe. 
  이 조리법에서는 <마가린>을 버터 대용으로 쓸 수 있다.
Butter can be substituted with <margarine> in this recipe.
  이 조리법에서는 버터가 <마가린>으로 대치될 수 있다.
Kane was substituted in the second half after a knee injury (= somebody else played instead of Kane in the second half).
  Kane 은 후반전에 무릎 부상을 입은 후 교체되었다.

[Help]
When "for", "with" or "by" are not used, as in the last example, it can be difficult to tell whether the person or thing mentioned is being used, or has been replaced by somebody or something else. The context will usually make this clear.

위의 마지막 예문에서처럼 for나 with나 by가 없을 때에는 언급된 사람이나 사물이 교체되기 전 원래 있던 사람/사물인지 새로 쓰이게 된 사람/사물인지를 알기가 힘들 수도 있다. 그러나 보통 문맥을 보면 분명해진다.

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• replace

1-to be used instead of somebody/something else; to do something instead of somebody/something else
SYNONYM.  take over (from something)
: (다른 사람·것을) 대신[대체]하다
*replace somebody/something(= A)
*Subject <B> replace A
*A be replaced by <B>
*Subject <B> replace somebody/something( =A) as something 
e.g.) 
The new design will eventually replace all existing models.
  그 새 디자인이 결국 모든 기존 모델들을 대신할 것이다.
Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom.
  교실에서 교사들이 컴퓨터로 대체되는 일은 결코 없을 것이다.
These measures in no way replace the need for regular safety checks.
The weird feeling was gradually replaced by shock, and then anger.
She replaced her husband as the local doctor.
Green will replace the injured Walker in the starting line-up.
He was selected last week to replace her on the council.
Machines can't replace people in this work.
Many of the workers have been replaced by machines.
These guidelines effectively replaced the official procedure.
Williams has temporarily replaced Reed on the first team.
She replaced Jane Stott as Managing Director.
She has been nominated to replace Justice O'Connor on the Supreme Court.

Ref) 
• in no way   |   not in any way
-not at all : not in any parts - 메리엄

-You use in no way or not in any way to emphasize that a statement is not at all true. [emphasis] - 콜린스
: 결코 ...않다; 전혀 ...않다 - Oxford Languages
e.g.) 
In no way am I like my father.
In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods. 
A spokesman insisted the two events were 'in no way related'. 
'He hasn't become more boring has he?' she laughs. 'No. Not in any way.' 
"it is in no way an exceptional house"


• take over (from something)
-​to become bigger or more important than something else; to replace something. - 옥스포드
-If one thing takes over from something else, it becomes more important, successful, or powerful than the other thing, and eventually replaces it. - 콜린스
: (~보다) 더 커지다[중요해지다]; (~을) 대체하다
e.g.)
Try not to let negative thoughts take over.  부정적인 생각이 더 커지지 않도록 하라.
It has been suggested that mammals took over from dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
6500만 년 전에 포유동물이 공룡을 대체했다고 제기되어 왔다.
In your teens, peer-group friendships may take over from parents as the major influence on you.
Cars gradually took over from horses. [VERB PARTICLE + from]
When the final vote came, rationality took over. [VERB PARTICLE]

 

2-to remove somebody/something and put another person or thing in their place
: (다른 사람·사물을) 대신하다
*replace somebody/something(= A)
*replace somebody/something(= A) with/by somebody/something(= <B>)
e.g.) 
He will be difficult to replace when he leaves.
  그가 떠나고 나면 그를 대신할 사람을 찾기는 힘들 것이다.
proposed changes to the constitution to replace the current system of government
He was replaced as party leader in 1967.
It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks.
  식사를 거르고 그 대신에 간식을 먹는 것은 좋은 생각이 아니다.

 

3-to change something that is old, damaged, etc. for a similar thing that is newer or better
: (낡은 것·손상된 것 등을) 바꾸다[교체하다]
*replace something(= A)
e.g.) 
We're thinking of replacing our phone system.
to replace a window/roof
to replace a battery/light bulb
All the old carpets need replacing.  이 낡은 카펫은 모두 바꿔 깔아야겠다.
an operation to replace both hips
You'll be expected to replace any broken glasses.
  깨진 유리잔은[당신이 유리잔을 깨면] 모두 교체해 놓아야 합니다.
The club does not have the finances resources to replace the damaged equipment.
We will replace a faulty part immediately.
Putting in a new kitchen can cost very little if you are simply replacing an old one.
We replaced the old television set with a newer one.
It was built to replace the old Victorian jail.

 

4-to put something back in the place where it was before
: (원래 있던 자리에) 다시 놓다
*replace something (+ adveb./preposition.) 
e.g.) 
I replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.  나는 컵을 받침접시 위에 조심스레 다시 놓았다.
to replace the handset (= after using the phone).  수화기를 내려놓다
He carefully replaced the vase on the shelf.
She replaced the dress in the wardrobe.

Ref)
[학습 정보-Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English]
함께 사용되는 단어
[동사]로 replace이(가) 사용될 때
▶ 1, 2, 3의 의미인 경우
*부사
• completely, entirely, fully, totally | largely | partially | merely, simply | easily | effectively | immediately, quickly, rapidly 

| gradually, slowly | eventually, finally, ultimately | temporarily
e.g.) 
Putting in a new kitchen can cost very little if you are simply replacing an old one.
These losses are not easily replaced.
These guidelines effectively replaced the official procedure.
Williams has temporarily replaced Reed on the first team.

*동사 + replace
• can | can afford to | be built to, be designed to, be intended to, be meant to, be used to | decide to | appoint sb to, elect sb to, nominate sb to(esp. AmE) | attempt to, try to | be costly to, be expensive to | be difficult to, be hard to, be impossible to
e.g.) 
Machines can't replace people in this work.
It was built to replace the old jail.
She has been nominated to replace Justice O'Connor on the Supreme Court.
Halogen lamps give excellent service, but the bulbs are expensive to replace.

*전치사
• as | by | with
e.g.) 
She replaced Jane Stott as Managing Director.
Many of the workers have been replaced by machines.
We replaced the old television set with a newer one.


▶ 4의 의미인 경우
*부사
• carefully, gently

*전치사
• in | on
e.g.) 
She replaced the dress in the wardrobe.
He carefully replaced the vase on the shelf.